There is some sense in Brian's reply. I tend to stick to the same oil between rebuilds for the reasons stated so use what is currently in it.
If, however, you don't know what you have you would be best advised to flush with paraffin as certain oils do not mix and in addition to the glazing issues Brian mentioned can create some nasty, sticky deposits that can do all sort of potential damage.
And there will be folk on here that tell you to use this or that oil as it delivers more power. The differences are so insignificant at your lad's karting experience that the additional cost would be better spent on tyres and seat time. 0-30 will be perfect and change it as often as you can afford.
As regards volume 450ml is a safe amount without knowing the circuit you are testing at. I run between 375ml and 425ml generally - the higher amount when we run at circuits with long, fast bends where the the risk is the bottom end gets starved of lubricant was the centripetal force causes all the oil to push up the crank case.
Graeme
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